Henrietta Lacks and the HeLa Cell - a Historic Real Life Superhero

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<p>[Music]</p>
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<p>greetings and welcome to the talk with</p>
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<p>History Podcast I am your host Scott</p>
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<p>here with my wife and historian Jen</p>
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<p>hello on this podcast we talk about</p>
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<p>now Jen before we get into our main</p>
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<p>the conversation wander where it may</p>
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<p>[Music]</p>
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<p>most of the world if not all of it has</p>
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<p>been affected by the woman we are going</p>
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<p>to talk about today</p>
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<p>she's from a small town in Virginia and</p>
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<p>before she passed away</p>
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<p>she had no idea what kind of impact she</p>
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<p>would have on modern day medicine but it</p>
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<p>is because of an African-American woman</p>
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<p>born into poverty and working a farm</p>
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<p>with family A Woman by the name of</p>
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<p>Henrietta Lacks that we have to thank</p>
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<p>for so many medical Miracles so Jen why</p>
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<p>don't you tell us about who we're</p>
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<p>talking about today</p>
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<p>well you mentioned her name Henrietta</p>
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<p>Lacks yeah and</p>
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<p>this was an amazing story to do for many</p>
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<p>reasons but</p>
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<p>I stumbled upon this story when HBO did</p>
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<p>a movie about a book called The Immortal</p>
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<p>Life of Henrietta Lacks and the book</p>
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<p>came out in 2010 and the movie was made</p>
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<p>with Oprah Winfrey playing Henrietta</p>
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<p>lacks's daughter</p>
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<p>that's right and it went through the</p>
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<p>whole story of the family pretty much</p>
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<p>discovering that their mother's cell</p>
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<p>line was responsible for so much medical</p>
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<p>research impact right and what that</p>
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<p>meant for them and just kind of like</p>
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<p>past traumas that they had had in their</p>
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<p>life plus the trauma of the ethics of</p>
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<p>the whole situation yeah that her mother</p>
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<p>their mother never knew they never</p>
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<p>really even knew so why don't you for</p>
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<p>for The Listener who's never heard of</p>
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<p>Henrietta Lacks and why don't you talk</p>
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<p>about kind of what what that story was</p>
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<p>because really</p>
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<p>first off to set the stage you tell me</p>
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<p>about Henry Henrietta Lacks right</p>
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<p>because we do talk about a little bit of</p>
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<p>the production side of things and I'm</p>
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<p>like who the heck is this you're like oh</p>
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<p>don't worry it's like she's buried in</p>
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<p>her hometown is like in the middle of</p>
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<p>Virginia three hours away I was like</p>
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<p>sure let's do this let's drive three</p>
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<p>hours away so that's kind of like that's</p>
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<p>kind of where I was going with that is</p>
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<p>watching that movie and then after we I</p>
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<p>think I watched that movie while we were</p>
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<p>in Pennsylvania okay and then we moved</p>
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<p>here and I remembered she was from</p>
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<p>Virginia and I wanted to find out more</p>
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<p>about her and I looked her up and she's</p>
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<p>from Clover Virginia yeah</p>
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<p>before she moves to Baltimore Maryland</p>
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<p>that's she grew up in Clover Virginia</p>
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<p>she wasn't born there she was born in</p>
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<p>Roanoke oh okay and they actually just</p>
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<p>demolished the house before she was born</p>
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<p>where she was brought she was brought</p>
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<p>home too okay and she might have been</p>
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<p>born in the house where I think she was</p>
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<p>brought home to that house and they</p>
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<p>actually people tried to save it it was</p>
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<p>very old and yeah dilapidated but they</p>
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<p>tried to to save it and they couldn't</p>
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<p>save it but</p>
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<p>living here in Virginia now looking up</p>
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<p>Clover Virginia and I had said to you</p>
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<p>let's go there and make a video about</p>
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<p>her and her life and her impact and yeah</p>
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<p>we drove out three hours to Clover so</p>
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<p>what was what's the big draw like what</p>
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<p>is her why don't you tell listeners what</p>
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<p>her Legacy is because it's when I</p>
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<p>learned about it I was like oh my God so</p>
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<p>what's very interesting about Henry</p>
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<p>lacks when you say what is the big draw</p>
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<p>it's</p>
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<p>most people don't know the big drug I</p>
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<p>had I had zero she has a historic marker</p>
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<p>but no one knew where her grave was and</p>
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<p>we'll talk about that some more she</p>
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<p>should be more well known than she is</p>
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<p>and that's why that's what her family</p>
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<p>wants to know yes you know like her her</p>
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<p>family wants people to know more about</p>
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<p>her so let me give you kind of a</p>
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<p>background in the story of Henrietta</p>
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<p>Lacks</p>
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<p>lack's town is an ancestral Farm tobacco</p>
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<p>area in uh for the lacks family and</p>
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<p>Henrietta Lacks was born Loretta</p>
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<p>Pleasant August 1st 1920 like I said in</p>
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<p>Roanoke Virginia and she was born to</p>
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<p>Eliza Pleasant and John Pleasant</p>
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<p>her name changed sometime in her younger</p>
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<p>years to Henrietta and she got the</p>
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<p>nickname Henny</p>
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<p>in 1924 when she was four her mother</p>
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<p>dies giving birth to her 10th child</p>
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<p>and her father is unable to care for all</p>
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<p>the children alone so he moves the</p>
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<p>family back to Clover Virginia where</p>
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<p>they're from they're both from there</p>
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<p>okay so that's where they have extended</p>
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<p>family right and he moves back there to</p>
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<p>because they have fiesta he has to</p>
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<p>distribute his children yeah amongst his</p>
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<p>family amongst his family to take care</p>
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<p>of them because he can't do that yeah</p>
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<p>what the ratio of one to ten for kids</p>
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<p>that's I don't know if that's possible</p>
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<p>sure and he has to work I'm sure yeah so</p>
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<p>yeah so he has to go with his family</p>
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<p>right and Henrietta ended up with her</p>
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<p>mother's grandfather Thomas</p>
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<p>um Thomas Henry lacks and it's a</p>
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<p>two-story Log Cabin that was once a</p>
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<p>slave Quarters on a plantation that had</p>
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<p>been owned by henrietta's white</p>
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<p>great-grandfather so you can unpack that</p>
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<p>and his last name was lacks yeah so as</p>
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<p>you can yeah you don't really connect</p>
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<p>the dots for the viewers on the video</p>
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<p>you don't tell them like uh this is what</p>
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<p>happened you just say like well his last</p>
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<p>name was lacks and he was her great</p>
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<p>grandfather yes</p>
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<p>um he was her great grandfather so</p>
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<p>as most enslaved when they are freed</p>
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<p>sometimes took their master's last name</p>
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<p>oh okay in this instance I would say</p>
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<p>they the last name was</p>
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<p>more relational sure it was a little bit</p>
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<p>more of both right yes yeah and that</p>
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<p>also is not rare with enslaved</p>
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<p>situations sometimes so Henrietta Lacks</p>
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<p>is an example of that</p>
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<p>and so she grows up on this tobacco farm</p>
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<p>now if you watch the video we stand in</p>
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<p>the tobacco farm area what we believe is</p>
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<p>might have been theirs but it was it was</p>
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<p>definitely tobacco farm we don't we</p>
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<p>weren't sure if it was theirs but it was</p>
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<p>that was an Old Farm I'm pretty sure it</p>
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<p>took us out there the mark some yeah</p>
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<p>some random GPS I mean we were literally</p>
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<p>driving in my Forerunner like there was</p>
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<p>barely a road it was kind of more of</p>
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<p>dirt track and we stand out there and I</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:25</time>
<p>talk about Henrietta Lacks there so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:28</time>
<p>tobacco farming is basically what is the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:30</time>
<p>big</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:32</time>
<p>industry yeah yeah for for that area and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:36</time>
<p>so that's what she does and kind of in</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:38</time>
<p>that sharecropper kind of idea right</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:40</time>
<p>where her family is now working the land</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:43</time>
<p>so she drops out of school in the sixth</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:45</time>
<p>grade and of course as you can imagine</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:47</time>
<p>it's probably segregated yeah right so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:49</time>
<p>she has to probably walk farther away to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:51</time>
<p>school and the family needs help at the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:53</time>
<p>farm and money so she drops out and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:55</time>
<p>helps support her family</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:07:58</time>
<p>they say she had hazel eyes a small way</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:01</time>
<p>size six shoe she's always wearing red</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:03</time>
<p>nail polish and a pleated skirt and the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:05</time>
<p>few pictures that survive of her she</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:08</time>
<p>definitely looks like she</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:10</time>
<p>cares about</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:12</time>
<p>how she presents herself yeah I mean the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:14</time>
<p>the picture that I found when I look her</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:15</time>
<p>up there's there's they the portrait I</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:18</time>
<p>think it looks like it was painted I'm</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:19</time>
<p>not sure so that was painted for the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:21</time>
<p>National Gallery right and that's in the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:23</time>
<p>Smithsonian the um yes and then and the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:25</time>
<p>Smithsonian African-American history</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:26</time>
<p>right now they take they paint that</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:29</time>
<p>portrait off a photograph</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:31</time>
<p>of her yeah and the couple photographs</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:35</time>
<p>that do survive of her she is very well</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:38</time>
<p>presented like you can tell she really</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:40</time>
<p>cares about how she looks and that's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:42</time>
<p>great you know good for her like she</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:44</time>
<p>just looks</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:45</time>
<p>good you know red nail polish pleated</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:48</time>
<p>skirt she keeps herself well put</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:50</time>
<p>together she cares about her how she</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:51</time>
<p>presents herself in 1935 when she's 14</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:55</time>
<p>she gives birth to her first child a son</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:08:57</time>
<p>so at that house where she lives with</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:01</time>
<p>her great-grandfather she also lives I</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:03</time>
<p>think with like her second cousin who</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:04</time>
<p>will become her husband so he's also</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:07</time>
<p>there I didn't realize they were like</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:09</time>
<p>distantly related yes okay and then in</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:12</time>
<p>1939 she gives birth to a daughter uh</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:16</time>
<p>her name is Elsie so she has two</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:19</time>
<p>children before she marries him David</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:21</time>
<p>lacks in 1941 so she has one child of 14</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:24</time>
<p>one child at 18 gets married at 20.</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:27</time>
<p>in Halifax County which is where Clover</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:29</time>
<p>is so in that county they get married</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:33</time>
<p>and it's later that year in 1941 that</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:37</time>
<p>they all moved to Baltimore Maryland and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:40</time>
<p>they moved there for opportunity they</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:42</time>
<p>moved there to escape the racism this is</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:45</time>
<p>the beginning of the war</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:47</time>
<p>oh that's right this is right before</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:48</time>
<p>World War One started so I think they're</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:50</time>
<p>just trying to get away from</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:52</time>
<p>the lack of opportunity sure and there's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:54</time>
<p>more opportunity up North so they moved</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:56</time>
<p>to Baltimore I think they have family</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:09:57</time>
<p>who had also moved there and said come</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:00</time>
<p>come here and there's more opportunity</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:02</time>
<p>here so that's where they go to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:03</time>
<p>Baltimore Maryland and she has three</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:05</time>
<p>more children where they while they live</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:07</time>
<p>there</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:08</time>
<p>but it's there her last child is born in</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:12</time>
<p>November of 1950 and then in January she</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:15</time>
<p>goes to John Hopkins hospital because</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:17</time>
<p>that's one of the few places where</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:18</time>
<p>African Americans can go to be treated</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:20</time>
<p>it's still segregated it is a segregated</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:23</time>
<p>Hospital segregated waiting rooms but</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:26</time>
<p>she has her words are not in her womb</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:29</time>
<p>she thought it was her pregnancy right</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:31</time>
<p>she gives birth in November but then in</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:33</time>
<p>January the knot has not gone away so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:36</time>
<p>she goes to John Hopkins University and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:38</time>
<p>a doctor Dr Howard</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:40</time>
<p>John's takes a biopsy and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:44</time>
<p>he takes a biopsy of off of a mass in</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:47</time>
<p>her cervix</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:48</time>
<p>and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:50</time>
<p>the samples were given then to a doctor</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:53</time>
<p>guy and he's a researcher for John</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:55</time>
<p>Hopkins now at the time this is a normal</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:10:59</time>
<p>thing to do sure they're trying to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:01</time>
<p>figure out what's going on so this would</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:03</time>
<p>happen to a white person or a black</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:04</time>
<p>person it would take a sample from</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:07</time>
<p>good healthy cell tissue and cancer cell</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:10</time>
<p>tissue compare the two they do that</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:11</time>
<p>nowadays yes so this is not you don't</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:15</time>
<p>need to give consent to have those</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:18</time>
<p>samples taken and tested sure I mean</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:20</time>
<p>you've basically when you come in and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:21</time>
<p>you say like I'm signing all the forms</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:23</time>
<p>to say like yeah I'm not going to sue</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:25</time>
<p>you if you help me out and you're doing</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:27</time>
<p>all this stuff like that's what you're</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:28</time>
<p>signing so it's Dr guy who's the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:31</time>
<p>researcher John Hopkins who takes these</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:33</time>
<p>cells and he's the one who and we'll get</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:35</time>
<p>into what happens he discovers this cell</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:37</time>
<p>line and he calls it the Gila cell line</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:40</time>
<p>yeah now what's unique about her cell</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:41</time>
<p>line well we'll talk more about that but</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:43</time>
<p>let me talk more about her life okay</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:44</time>
<p>sure</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:46</time>
<p>so Gila is the first two initials of her</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:49</time>
<p>first name and the person initials of a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:51</time>
<p>last name yeah that was a cool that's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:54</time>
<p>how they then and that was just a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:56</time>
<p>typical way of labeling cell lines it</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:11:59</time>
<p>wasn't unique to her this is how they</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:00</time>
<p>would do everybody's cell line these</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:03</time>
<p>easy way to classify them</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:06</time>
<p>uh she goes back to the hospital for</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:09</time>
<p>severe abdominal pain in August of 1951</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:11</time>
<p>she stays there and she dies in October</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:13</time>
<p>October 4th 1951 and she's buried in</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:17</time>
<p>Clover in an unmarked grave until 2010</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:20</time>
<p>and she dies at 31 years old yeah so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:23</time>
<p>what happens is Dr guy after taking</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:27</time>
<p>these cells</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:28</time>
<p>he notices that they not only produce at</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:32</time>
<p>a high rate but they are they stay alive</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:35</time>
<p>they don't they don't die</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:37</time>
<p>so you can keep them alive long enough</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:40</time>
<p>to examine them to do tests on them</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:43</time>
<p>which which wasn't normal it's never</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:45</time>
<p>never been seen before right most cell</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:48</time>
<p>lines die quickly they can't survive</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:50</time>
<p>outside the body they don't multiply</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:52</time>
<p>like that now was it these were like the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:55</time>
<p>cells that were already affected by the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:57</time>
<p>cancer so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:12:59</time>
<p>they're not sure quite what happened</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:00</time>
<p>what happens is I think they what I</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:04</time>
<p>believe when I was reading is they took</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:05</time>
<p>a cell from the cancer so a mutated</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:08</time>
<p>malignant cell and he made the cell line</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:12</time>
<p>from one of those cells so it actually</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:14</time>
<p>is like a a cell line that has been</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:16</time>
<p>adapted from her cell line sure sure so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:19</time>
<p>it is it quite technically</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:21</time>
<p>a a healthy Gila right or right cell</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:25</time>
<p>right it is a cancerous and then it's a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:28</time>
<p>line that's been made from that right</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:31</time>
<p>and they're the first cells that could</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:33</time>
<p>be divided multiple times without dying</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:35</time>
<p>and that's why they're called Immortal</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:37</time>
<p>so that's why it's the immortal</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:38</time>
<p>Henrietta Lacks and it's not even so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:40</time>
<p>much that it's like right cells right</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:43</time>
<p>there's I'm not I'm not I've never</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:46</time>
<p>claimed to be good at science right but</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:48</time>
<p>so you can split a cell I'm assuming</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:50</time>
<p>tons of times but it's basically it just</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:53</time>
<p>won't die like this like this to this</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:13:56</time>
<p>day right as we are recording it's 2022.</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:00</time>
<p>her cell line is a lie it's alive it's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:02</time>
<p>the one that's been used it's for</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:05</time>
<p>biomedical research it's the most</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:07</time>
<p>contemporary used cell line yeah it's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:10</time>
<p>just when I heard that one you kind of</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:13</time>
<p>think like does this woman have like</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:14</time>
<p>super powers yes it's crazy so that's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:16</time>
<p>kind of what we talk about in the video</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:18</time>
<p>is we I equate her to Wonder Woman yeah</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:20</time>
<p>I equate her to the closest thing you</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:22</time>
<p>will ever know to a superhero sure</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:24</time>
<p>because you know those superheroes those</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:27</time>
<p>cells regenerate quickly they know they</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:29</time>
<p>don't die because Wolverines yeah they</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:31</time>
<p>can heal fast yeah right now it's not</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:34</time>
<p>quite the same thing but it's the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:35</time>
<p>closest thing you'll get to it is</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:37</time>
<p>because her cell line that one specific</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:40</time>
<p>cell</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:41</time>
<p>it repeatedly divides and divides and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:43</time>
<p>divides and they can make samples of it</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:45</time>
<p>and send them off in all the little</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:46</time>
<p>vials and these have led to huge</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:48</time>
<p>breakthroughs like the Gila cell line</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:50</time>
<p>developed the polio vaccine yeah the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:52</time>
<p>hela cell line developed</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:54</time>
<p>um the AIDS we did the AIDS research</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:14:57</time>
<p>cancer research it's it's the first cell</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:00</time>
<p>that was cloned in 1955 and there's 11</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:04</time>
<p>000 patents that the Gila cell line has</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:08</time>
<p>developed</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:09</time>
<p>[Music]</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:13</time>
<p>and if I remember right when I was</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:14</time>
<p>making the video and doing you know my</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:16</time>
<p>little bit of post right what all the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:18</time>
<p>research that you do right I'm looking</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:20</time>
<p>up stuff I mean it actually the the cell</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:23</time>
<p>kind of got out into the the greater I</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:27</time>
<p>say medical community around the world</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:28</time>
<p>pretty quickly oh yes everyone uses it</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:31</time>
<p>yeah I mean and not just us worldwide</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:33</time>
<p>worldwide and you so there are companies</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:35</time>
<p>that you can buy sells from to do</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:37</time>
<p>research yeah and they mass-produced the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:39</time>
<p>hela cell line so it's basically a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:42</time>
<p>commercialized cell line yeah it's and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:45</time>
<p>so that's where you get into the ethics</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:47</time>
<p>right of this because so much money has</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:50</time>
<p>been generated from her cell line right</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:52</time>
<p>right not even millions billions of</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:54</time>
<p>dollars yeah easy and so then you have</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:56</time>
<p>her family she dies at 31 right and she</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:15:59</time>
<p>has</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:01</time>
<p>how many children by that point she has</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:03</time>
<p>six</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:04</time>
<p>three which is five five children by</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:07</time>
<p>that point and they get</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:11</time>
<p>just you know then they get distributed</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:13</time>
<p>to family right because she died yeah</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:17</time>
<p>and they suffer trauma people who didn't</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:20</time>
<p>want to raise them or weren't very good</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:23</time>
<p>caregivers and they grew up in relative</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:26</time>
<p>poverty some of her children can't even</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:29</time>
<p>afford medical insurance and here her</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:32</time>
<p>cell line is developing these huge</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:35</time>
<p>breakthroughs in medical research</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:37</time>
<p>generating billions of dollars and her</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:41</time>
<p>family can't get their own medical</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:44</time>
<p>coverage right so what happens is</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:48</time>
<p>people don't want to know more about the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:51</time>
<p>cell line who are these people who are</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:53</time>
<p>who's this family that that this selling</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:55</time>
<p>came from so they would get phone calls</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:16:57</time>
<p>through the years oh uh how often were</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:02</time>
<p>you sick</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:03</time>
<p>what happened to your family researchers</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:05</time>
<p>trying to do kind of post whatever</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:07</time>
<p>follow-up yeah</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:09</time>
<p>they didn't quite understand what they</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:11</time>
<p>were being asked and told especially her</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:13</time>
<p>husband when they said well we have her</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:16</time>
<p>cell line here he thought is she still</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:18</time>
<p>alive like what what are you saying I I</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:20</time>
<p>she died like they didn't quite</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:22</time>
<p>understand yeah and so not only are they</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:25</time>
<p>using their mothers and wives cell line</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:28</time>
<p>but they start to really dig into their</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:31</time>
<p>medical history sure and so that kind of</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:34</time>
<p>ethical questions of their medical</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:37</time>
<p>history being so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:39</time>
<p>relatively public I mean even though</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:41</time>
<p>it's like medical you know HIPAA and all</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:43</time>
<p>that stuff when there's that many</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:45</time>
<p>medical laboratories it's hard to say</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:47</time>
<p>that that's private yes and so that's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:50</time>
<p>where more ethics comes into play plus</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:52</time>
<p>she's African-American so you fall into</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:55</time>
<p>these other ethical questions the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:17:57</time>
<p>Tuskegee experiment where they gave all</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:00</time>
<p>these men African-American men syphilis</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:02</time>
<p>unbeknownst to them to see what it would</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:04</time>
<p>do to them and that happened in 1950s</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:07</time>
<p>right you have all these</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:09</time>
<p>African-American women who were enslaved</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:12</time>
<p>who were tested on by doctors who became</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:15</time>
<p>the fathers of gynecology</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:17</time>
<p>and these women gave no consent and they</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:20</time>
<p>found out all about women's reproductive</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:23</time>
<p>Health by testing these enslaved women</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:26</time>
<p>yeah and these men then get revered</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:30</time>
<p>as breakthroughs in medical science so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:33</time>
<p>yeah there's a lot of questions yeah so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:36</time>
<p>that's where Gila Henry lacks falls into</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:39</time>
<p>that realm yeah so you start to question</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:42</time>
<p>well are we</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:44</time>
<p>are we overlooking her rights because</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:46</time>
<p>she's African-American are we</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:47</time>
<p>overlooking her rights because she's a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:49</time>
<p>woman are we looking at where she comes</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:51</time>
<p>from so those are the kind of questions</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:53</time>
<p>so her family when this was all brought</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:56</time>
<p>to light when they could understand what</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:58</time>
<p>was happening</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:18:59</time>
<p>that's when they kind of pushed back and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:01</time>
<p>asked for more say and what happens to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:04</time>
<p>herself ask for more just a seat at the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:07</time>
<p>table</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:07</time>
<p>[Music]</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:11</time>
<p>yeah I mean she didn't have you</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:13</time>
<p>mentioned it in the video I mean her</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:15</time>
<p>grave didn't even have a headstone until</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:17</time>
<p>like a few years ago yeah 2010 and it</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:19</time>
<p>was Dr Gay and his group from John</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:22</time>
<p>Hopkins that sponsored that that I</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:25</time>
<p>didn't realize that they are the ones</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:26</time>
<p>who paid for it that's actually kind of</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:28</time>
<p>cool it is I mean they will never they</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:30</time>
<p>never admitted any wrong during</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:32</time>
<p>apologized but they would do</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:36</time>
<p>stuff like that sure right so very aware</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:39</time>
<p>of what they're doing and saying without</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:42</time>
<p>saying it yeah I didn't realize that</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:44</time>
<p>they were the ones who who helped do</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:46</time>
<p>that yeah and then I think they've also</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:48</time>
<p>funded like some other family headstones</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:49</time>
<p>I don't know if it's them but like so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:51</time>
<p>what family has written yes so for for</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:53</time>
<p>at least for for Elsie</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:56</time>
<p>um who had a hard life because she was</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:19:58</time>
<p>born with a mental handicap and then she</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:00</time>
<p>was institutionalized</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:01</time>
<p>their family when they knew that</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:03</time>
<p>Henrietta Lacks was getting a tombstone</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:04</time>
<p>the family raised money to make sure</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:06</time>
<p>that she had one as well yeah so that's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:08</time>
<p>what that other when you see the two</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:09</time>
<p>tombstones they look relatively newer</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:12</time>
<p>yeah and that's why that's if you can</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:14</time>
<p>find if you can find so that's that was</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:16</time>
<p>part of our journey yeah absolutely so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:19</time>
<p>putting the story together</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:21</time>
<p>again she should be more revered and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:25</time>
<p>more celebrated and when you go to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:26</time>
<p>Clover there is a marker to her but that</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:29</time>
<p>is it and we wanted to find her grave</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:31</time>
<p>and we really wanted to pay respects to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:33</time>
<p>her gray but her grave is unmarked her</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:35</time>
<p>grade was marked but it's in an unmarked</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:38</time>
<p>graveyard right well so let me let me</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:40</time>
<p>kind of paint the larger picture here so</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:43</time>
<p>here we are driving from Norfolk out to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:45</time>
<p>Clover it's about three hours it's three</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:47</time>
<p>hours yes kids are Troopers right the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:50</time>
<p>the marker is pretty easy to find that's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:51</time>
<p>the first thing I think that we found</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:52</time>
<p>it's right off the kind of little main</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:54</time>
<p>highway freeway there so we we find that</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:57</time>
<p>you know and then we kind of like you</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:20:59</time>
<p>don't your kind of research ahead of</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:01</time>
<p>time and be like okay I think this is</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:02</time>
<p>where either her husband's grave might</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:04</time>
<p>be so we went to find a grave we went to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:07</time>
<p>find a grave and find a grave gives you</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:09</time>
<p>usually gives you like a GPS coordinate</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:10</time>
<p>yeah and it gave us a GPS coordinate for</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:12</time>
<p>her for the marker oh on this side of</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:16</time>
<p>the road yeah and then I usually what I</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:18</time>
<p>do when I do grave research these are</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:21</time>
<p>the kind of helpful hints that I give is</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:23</time>
<p>look up a spouse or a child that's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:26</time>
<p>buried close by and sometimes it'll give</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:28</time>
<p>you that marker yeah and you can find</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:30</time>
<p>them that way so we did her husband</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:33</time>
<p>that's why we went over there and for</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:35</time>
<p>David uh lacks it gave us that that GPS</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:39</time>
<p>coordinate rate in that tobacco farm</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:42</time>
<p>area and so to anybody listening I would</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:45</time>
<p>not recommend trying to drive out to you</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:47</time>
<p>need a four-wheel drive you need a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:49</time>
<p>four-wheel drive vehicle we were driving</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:51</time>
<p>like off I think there's a sign that's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:53</time>
<p>like you're no longer driving in like</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:55</time>
<p>state-funded roads right it's all of a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:57</time>
<p>sudden it was dirt and gravel and you</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:21:58</time>
<p>know just kind of we're out there in the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:01</time>
<p>boonies so that's why I thought the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:03</time>
<p>grave uh the the graveyard was that's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:05</time>
<p>worth it it kind of would have kind of</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:07</time>
<p>would have made sense sure so we looked</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:08</time>
<p>around couldn't find it and I knew she</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:11</time>
<p>had a tombstone I knew she had a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:14</time>
<p>memorial marker we weren't seeing</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:16</time>
<p>anything we weren't seeing anything like</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:17</time>
<p>that so we drove back out and as we're</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:20</time>
<p>driving out we see a car on the side of</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:22</time>
<p>the road and I'm I told Scott I'm just</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:24</time>
<p>gonna ask this person because we're in a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:26</time>
<p>small town I grew up in a small town I</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:28</time>
<p>know small town thank God you did</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:29</time>
<p>because I am not that person maybe it's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:31</time>
<p>just because I'm a guy and I don't want</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:33</time>
<p>to ask directions but I was like ah we</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:34</time>
<p>can't find this we're driving back out</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:36</time>
<p>this is like one little road yeah</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:38</time>
<p>was it lacks road yeah it lacks yeah Lex</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:40</time>
<p>Road</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:41</time>
<p>um Lex family Road</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:44</time>
<p>lacks Town Road LAX town LAX town road</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:46</time>
<p>so where we drove in dockstown road all</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:48</time>
<p>the way till the dirt off the off the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:51</time>
<p>Incorporated part of it you know back in</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:52</time>
<p>the boonies back there I mean Clover</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:55</time>
<p>Virginia is is pretty remote there might</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:22:58</time>
<p>be a town of like maybe a couple hundred</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:00</time>
<p>people yeah I don't even know if the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:02</time>
<p>town's incorporated or if it's an actual</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:03</time>
<p>town I'm not sure but we're driving back</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:06</time>
<p>out we're like we're kind of getting</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:08</time>
<p>frustrated we're hoping we can find it</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:09</time>
<p>we're looking around we see this truck</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:11</time>
<p>just kind of looks like someone's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:13</time>
<p>waiting for someone to come out of their</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:14</time>
<p>house sweet Jen's like windows open yeah</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:17</time>
<p>she's like she's like Scott pulled next</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:18</time>
<p>to this person I'm gonna ask I was like</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:19</time>
<p>okay fine so you do and then she just</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:22</time>
<p>strikes up a conversation yeah I asked</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:24</time>
<p>that ma'am we're looking for Henrietta</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:26</time>
<p>lack's grave do you know where it's at</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:27</time>
<p>she goes oh Henny yeah her grave is back</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:30</time>
<p>the way you came yeah you're gonna go</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:32</time>
<p>down the hill and you're gonna see a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:34</time>
<p>house on the right a yellow house with</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:36</time>
<p>the door open it's an old house yeah</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:38</time>
<p>very country directions yeah it was</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:40</time>
<p>quite adorable she's like and when you</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:42</time>
<p>see that house it's just right off right</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:45</time>
<p>off beside it you'll see a little path</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:47</time>
<p>and which there's no path it's just</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:49</time>
<p>grass yeah yeah I mean luckily we were</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:51</time>
<p>there in winter so it's a little bit</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:52</time>
<p>easier to see because all the leaves</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:54</time>
<p>were off the trees and she's like and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:55</time>
<p>you just drive up that path and don't</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:56</time>
<p>worry it looks like you're driving on a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:58</time>
<p>lawn but you're not just drive up that</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:23:59</time>
<p>path and you'll see it when you get up</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:01</time>
<p>there and I was like okay so down the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:03</time>
<p>hill and she's like yeah just just down</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:05</time>
<p>the hill don't go back up the hill and I</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:06</time>
<p>told her we just went over a bridge she</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:08</time>
<p>goes no don't go that's too far she goes</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:10</time>
<p>just down the hill you'll see the yellow</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:11</time>
<p>house with the door open it's open</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:14</time>
<p>because no one lives there anymore and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:16</time>
<p>it's it's an old abandoned house it's an</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:18</time>
<p>abandoned house she goes and that's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:19</time>
<p>where you're gonna it you won't see a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:21</time>
<p>road or anything you'll just go right</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:23</time>
<p>beside it you'll see some grass area</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:25</time>
<p>drive on that and drive up over that</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:29</time>
<p>hill and that's and I would say you</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:30</time>
<p>don't need four-wheel drive to get up</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:32</time>
<p>there no I wouldn't say that it's it</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:33</time>
<p>wasn't it wasn't that bad but that those</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:35</time>
<p>were good directions yeah and you</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:37</time>
<p>wouldn't we wouldn't be able to find</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:38</time>
<p>another one there's no sign there's no</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:40</time>
<p>nothing you can't see it from the road</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:41</time>
<p>you would think it's someone's lawn yeah</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:43</time>
<p>so we have GPS locations like precise</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:46</time>
<p>GPS locations for that you know on our</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:48</time>
<p>website if you want to look up the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:49</time>
<p>episode travel guide for for that</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:51</time>
<p>particular episode yes and I you know I</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:53</time>
<p>posted some of this on Facebook finding</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:55</time>
<p>the grave and I had some people say well</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:57</time>
<p>maybe their family doesn't want you to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:24:58</time>
<p>know don't want you to see it but the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:00</time>
<p>family has explicitly said they want her</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:03</time>
<p>story told yeah they want her celebrated</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:06</time>
<p>they want people to know her they want</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:09</time>
<p>people to celebrate her and respect her</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:11</time>
<p>so I felt like no I think they want</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:14</time>
<p>people they're they're pretty public</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:16</time>
<p>about it I mean when I Googled you know</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:18</time>
<p>the lacks family and Henrietta Lacks I</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:20</time>
<p>mean part of the top hits was like some</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:22</time>
<p>recent lawsuits that they're trying to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:23</time>
<p>that they're they're kind of working on</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:25</time>
<p>again some of these big medical</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:26</time>
<p>companies that are excuse me um making</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:30</time>
<p>making money off of this exactly so we</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:32</time>
<p>we went to the Grave there's there's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:35</time>
<p>about 20 Graves yeah easily it's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:38</time>
<p>definitely a family yeah it's a family</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:40</time>
<p>plot yeah plot</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:42</time>
<p>um and we left our Wonder Woman figurine</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:44</time>
<p>at her grave and we paid our respects uh</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:47</time>
<p>her grave looks like a book</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:49</time>
<p>almost and I think her family wrote the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:53</time>
<p>Epitaph okay so I think it was her</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:55</time>
<p>granddaughters who wrote the Epitaph on</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:57</time>
<p>the front but it's very respectful she's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:25:59</time>
<p>buried beside her mother</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:01</time>
<p>and then she has a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:03</time>
<p>uh her daughter Elsie on the other side</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:05</time>
<p>so it's her mother on one side and Elsie</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:06</time>
<p>on the other side so I think it's a very</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:09</time>
<p>for me it was just a very important</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:11</time>
<p>place to be there it looked like a very</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:13</time>
<p>solemn place and beautiful place I'm</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:16</time>
<p>happy we found it you never would have</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:17</time>
<p>been able to find it no no we got we got</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:19</time>
<p>we got super lucky I think I saw one</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:22</time>
<p>YouTube video</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:23</time>
<p>it was like somebody looked like they</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:25</time>
<p>were in their Jeep showing that they</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:26</time>
<p>were driving up up to it but it's only</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:28</time>
<p>because I was specifically Googling you</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:31</time>
<p>know Henrietta Lacks you know Family</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:34</time>
<p>Cemetery or something and so I was able</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:35</time>
<p>to find it and you could see right but</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:37</time>
<p>he's not really talking it's just kind</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:39</time>
<p>of him showing driving up that way</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:41</time>
<p>um but really learning about her in</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:44</time>
<p>general and then learning the Legacy</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:46</time>
<p>that she left through</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:48</time>
<p>medicine and the history there it was</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:51</time>
<p>quite incredible yeah it</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:54</time>
<p>here is a person who her life</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:26:58</time>
<p>and her cells</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:00</time>
<p>have made an immeasurable impact on all</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:03</time>
<p>of us on medicine like there's nobody</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:06</time>
<p>really who has not been touched by what</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:09</time>
<p>her cells have been able to produce in</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:11</time>
<p>the medical world the covid vaccine yeah</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:13</time>
<p>I mean so it's the work again this is</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:15</time>
<p>2022 right so if you're listening to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:17</time>
<p>this in the future it's 2022 right now</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:19</time>
<p>the coveted vaccine right they used her</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:22</time>
<p>cells to develop that so it was just</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:25</time>
<p>learning all this and making the video</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:27</time>
<p>was was really pretty neat because here</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:29</time>
<p>is someone who's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:31</time>
<p>I don't know if that she's really taught</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:33</time>
<p>in in history classes and this that and</p>
<p></p>
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<p>the other but the impact that she had</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
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<p>and she's well enough known that she</p>
<p></p>
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<p>there was a you know movie made and</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
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<p>Oprah was in it and this that and the</p>
<p></p>
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<p>other but it was pretty incredible so</p>
<p></p>
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<p>Henrietta Lacks may not have known what</p>
<p></p>
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<time>00:27:48</time>
<p>her Legacy would be but it's there</p>
<p></p>
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<time>00:27:50</time>
<p>nonetheless her sales for right or wrong</p>
<p></p>
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<time>00:27:53</time>
<p>have provided medical breakthroughs that</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:55</time>
<p>doctors have only dreamed of before the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:27:57</time>
<p>hela cell was named it became widely</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
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<p>known and used in medical research</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:03</time>
<p>so next time you talk to someone who's</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:04</time>
<p>received a cancer treatment HPV vaccine</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:08</time>
<p>and vitro fertilization and yes the</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:11</time>
<p>covid vaccine think of Henrietta Lacks</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:14</time>
<p>thank you for listening to the talk with</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:16</time>
<p>History Podcast and please reach out to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:17</time>
<p>us at our website talk with history.com</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:19</time>
<p>but more importantly if you know someone</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:21</time>
<p>else that might enjoy this podcast</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:22</time>
<p>please share it with them especially if</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:24</time>
<p>you think today's topic would interest a</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:26</time>
<p>friend shoot him a text and tell them to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:27</time>
<p>look up a talk with history podcasts</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:29</time>
<p>because we rely on you our community to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:31</time>
<p>grow and we appreciate you all every day</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:34</time>
<p>thank you Henry relax and thank you to</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:36</time>
<p>her family we'll talk to you next time</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
<time>00:28:39</time>
<p>foreign</p>
<p></p>
<cite>Speaker:</cite>
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<p>[Music]</p>
<p></p>
<p></p>